Paris AI Action Summit (February 2025)

The Paris AI Action Summit of February 2025 was the second major international summit on AI governance, following Bletchley Park (2023) and Seoul (2024). Mazzucato participated as a featured speaker, advancing her framework for AI industrial policy in direct engagement with heads of state, AI company executives, and civil society representatives. Her remarks framed the choice facing global AI governance as not between innovation and regulation but between undirected innovation (serving commercial logic) and directed innovation (serving public purpose). She emphasized that at issue is not whether Europe can compete with China and the United States in an AI arms race; it is whether Europeans can pioneer a different approach that puts public value at the center of technological development and governance. The summit produced the Paris AI Declaration, whose specific commitments on public-value frameworks, conditionality, and mission-oriented investment reflected the influence of Mazzucato's framework.